If you look closely at a cannabis flower, you’ll see that it’s covered in tiny, sparkling crystals. It’s not sugar or dust: these are trichomes, and they’re the most interesting part of the plant.
What are trichomes?
Trichomes are tiny hair- or mushroom-shaped structures that grow on the flowers and nearby leaves. Their name comes from Greek and literally means «hair growth». Many plants have them, but in cannabis they play a special role.
What purpose do they serve for the plant?
In nature, trichomes act as a shield. They protect the plant from ultraviolet radiation, certain insects and water loss. Their sticky resin makes it difficult for small animals to feed on the flowers.
Why do they matter so much?
Cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, and terpenes – which are responsible for the aroma – are produced within the trichomes. That is why the more trichomes a flower has, the more intense its character tends to be.
The three main types
- Bulbous plants: the smallest ones, almost invisible to the naked eye.
- Sessile capitate: slightly larger, with a head with hardly any stalk.
- Stalked capitate flowers: the largest and most abundant in the flowers, with a stem and a round head. They are the ones that give that frosty appearance.
Colour as an indicator
Growers examine the trichomes with a magnifying glass to decide when to harvest. When they are transparent, the plant has not yet matured. When they turn milky, it is just right. If many turn amber, the plant is well past its peak.
How to look after them
Trichomes are fragile. Heat, friction and static electricity cause them to fall off. That is why it is best to handle the flowers as little as possible, avoid plastic bags and store them in glass containers in a cool, dark place.
Would you like to find out more about the club? Find out What is Sticky like? or have a look at the frequently asked questions.
